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DÃO

 

In this region the vines are located between 400 and 700 meters in altitude and in soils where pine and maize crops predominate. The Dão region, surrounded by mountains that protect it from the winds, produces wines with a high bottle aging capacity.

The Dão area is located in the Beira Alta region of central Portugal. The geographical conditions are excellent for wine production: the Caramulo, Montemuro, Buçaco and Estrela mountains protect the vineyards from the influence of winds. The region is extremely mountainous, but the altitude in the south is less elevated. The 20000 hectares of vineyards are mostly between 400 and 700 meters in altitude and develop on shaley soils (in the southern area of ​​the region) or shallow granitic soils. The climate in the Dão suffers simultaneously the influence of the Atlantic and the Interior, so the winters are cold and rainy while the summers are hot and dry.

In the Middle Ages, the vineyard was essentially developed by the clergy, especially by the Cistercian monks. It was the clergy who knew most agricultural practices and exercised much influence in the population, managed to occupy many lands with vines and increase wine production. However, it was from the second half of the nineteenth century, after plagues of mildew and phylloxera, that the region experienced a great development. In 1908, the area of ​​wine production was delimited, becoming the second Portuguese demarcated region.

Dão is a region with many producers, where each one owns small properties. For decades, the grapes were delivered to the wineries cooperatives in charge of wine production. Wine was later sold to retail to large and medium-sized companies, which bottled it and sold it with its brands.

With the entry of Portugal into the EEC (1986) there was a need to change the production and marketing system of Dão wines. Most of the companies from outside the region that purchased wine from the local cooperative wineries began their explorations in the region and purchased land for cultivating vines. On the other hand, the cooperatives started a process of modernization of the wineries and began to market their own brands, while small producers in the region decided to start producing their wines. The vineyards also underwent a process of restructuring with the application of new winemaking techniques and choice of grape varieties appropriate for the region.

The vineyards are made up of a wide variety of varieties, including Touriga Nacional, Alfrocheiro, Jaen and Tinta Roriz (in the red varieties) and Encruzado, Bical, Cercial, Malvasia Fina and Verdelho (white varieties). The white wines are quite aromatic, fruity and quite balanced. The reds are well-bodied, aromatic and can gain quite complexity after bottle aging.